Literary Analysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay -- Pride

Literary Analysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The novel Pride and Prejudice, is a romantic comedy, by Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice is a story about an unlikely pair who go through many obstacles before finally coming together. Pride is the opinion of oneself and prejudice is how one person feels others perceive them. The novel, Pride and Prejudice, uses plot, the characters of Mr. Fitzwilliam Darcy and Miss Elizabeth Bennet, and the status of women and social standing, to portray the theme of the novel - pride and prejudice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The plot of the novel follows traditional plot guidelines; although there are many small conflicts, there is one central conflict that sets the scene for the novel. The novel is about an embarrassing; mismatched couple and their five daughters. The novel begins with Mrs. Bennet, telling her daughters of the importance of marrying well. During this time a wealthy man, Charles Bingley, moves close to Netherfield, where the Bennets’ reside. The Bennet girls struggle to capture his attention, and Jane, who judges no one, is the daughter who manages to win his heart, until Mr. Bingley abruptly leaves town. Mr. Bingley is often accompanied by Fitzwilliam Darcy, who is a very proud man. Elizabeth Bennet, who is proud of herself, and Mr. Darcy are not fond of one another from the start, these two characters pose the central conflict in the novel. As the novel progresses, Elizabeth receives a marriage proposal from her cousin, Mr. Collins, and turns him down. Mr. Co llins then proposes to Charlotte Lucas, Elizabeth’s bestfriend, who accepts. Elizabeth then leaves home to stay with, the Collins’ who live near Lady Catherine de Bourgh, Mr. Darcy’s aunt. While this is going on, Mr. Darcy realizes he has feelings for Elizabeth and proposes to her, this is the climax of the novel. She is astonished by his actions, and turns him flat down. She explains that she feels he is arrogant, and feels he stood in the way of Jane and Mr. Bingley marrying, and also feels he is a cruel man, especially in his treating of Mr. Wickham, she is expressing her prejudice towards him. He leaves and they part very angry with each other. Mr. Darcy then writes Elizabeth a letter, explaining his feelings, defending his actions, and reveling the true nature of Mr. Wickham. During this time Elizabeth returns home still baffled about the letter Mr.... ...udice in the social ladder. The Bennet family, although wealthy, was looked down upon, is relation to their social status. They were seen as low on the social ladder, because they had "new money." Lady Catherine, is another example of pride and prejudice displayed through social status, "Now and then they were honoured with a call from her ladyship, and nothing escaped her observation†¦" Lady Catherine noticed flaws in everyone and used her position and title of "Lady" to rise above everyone and make herself seem superior to them. Her position gives her pride and she flaunts it in a negative way.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many examples throughout the novel, to support the running theme, and title of the novel, Pride and Prejudice. Pride in not always a good thing, it can lead to arrogance and contempt very quickly. Prejudice is not necessarily a bad thing either, and is never unavoidable, sometimes disliking a person and not being friends with them works out to an advantage. Jane Austen dramatized the theme of pride and prejudice, through plot, her main characters, Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet, and demonstrated how the status of women and social status can lead to pride and prejudice.

Jack the Ripper

Jack the Ripper – Controlled assessment Alan Milne ‘The police investigative methods were to blame for not capturing Jack the Ripper’. To what extent do you agree with this statement? I think that policing methods were to blame for jack the ripper not being caught because they were heavily influenced by the public, media and press this shows us that they were scared and intimidated by them and had to control them as riots may of broke out.Although I think they were to blame, people could argue that they weren’t as people believe that they tried everything with what little technology they had and other resources they had. The first reason why I think they were to blame is that they were heavily influenced by media, press and the public this meant that they had to take extra caution when taking in suspects (e. g. eather apron who was taken in by the police as the public were after him) as it could have been taken the wrong way and a public up rage could occur which would of made life harder for the police, as they were focusing all their attention on that which was a waste of their time, however they did try and tackle these problems by carrying out I. D parades, interviews and door to door methods but most of these were ineffective as they were held weeks after the murders, and because it was the norm to be drunk at the time people would often forget about the murders appearance, â€Å"only 65% of people doing I. D parades would remember the person†. Bloody Britain) Another tactic the police used was their own officers dressing up as women or using known prostitutes to act as decoys so they could catch the killer red handed, this may have worked if they carried on using it, but something that was a problem were the locations of the murders which were badly lit and Whitechapel was full of networks of small alleys, lanes, and streets which made it very easy for Jack to commit the murder and run away/ get away extremely quickly, th e police attempted to solve this problem and sent more police officers out a quote to support this is â€Å"They followed up every lead, however tenuous, they drafted in extra men who were to remain in Whitechapel on high alert† (Crime archive/Val Horsler) this suggests to me that they had an effective method but didn’t use it to their advantage as much as they could of done e. g. have police patrolling but others observing areas on streets corners making it another reason for them to be blamed another quote is â€Å"No-one could say that there wasn’t enough police patrolling the east end† (The star – Newspaper) there may have been a lot of officers but the location of the murders and the narrow lanes did not help them in any way as they just couldn’t cover the whole of Whitechapel.Evidence that the police found was often washed away or moved from the crime scene as they thought that it would cause public/social disorder this was a major fau lt for the police as it could have been the key to catching the killer or it could have helped them in their investigation, a quote to support this is â€Å"Today the whole crime scene would be cordoned off and the victim remained there until examined by forensics, whereas in the Whitechapel murders police believed that they should get the body, evidence away as it causes social disorder† (Definitive Jack – Richard Jones Historian) this stresses the point that the police could not have their own decisions and were very weak as it seems to us that the public controlled them. The police force was very weak as they didn’t use methods that had great potential to their advantages. Another reason is because people that they asked to examine the body doctors / surgeons they were giving the police conflicting information. â€Å"Police had conflicting information from coroners and doctors† (Jack the ripper) this made it extremely difficult for the police to progre ss as they didn’t have accurate information from one person, also technology was very poor so they couldn’t have a concrete way or decision of how one of the women died.Another reason why they were weak is because a lot of immigrants lived in London but didn’t speak English so police had more pressure on finding the killer but couldn’t get further as they couldn’t co-operate with anyone, on the other hand if they did have an interpreter not much co-operation would of occurred anyway as people were often drunk, violent and the public didn’t really like the police anyway so door to door and interviewing methods were poor as they didn’t co-operate. When the police had the chance of using blood hounds they should of kept using them as they were effective proven by the police today, but the public and media pressure swayed them to not use them as it was seen to be stupid and dangerous if the dogs were to attack an innocent person.Dogs in t he police force were not used for another 70 years, this could have helped them catch Jack or lead them to clues. If the police had access to fingerprinting and blood testing I think that jack would have been caught and the police would have had a better reputation from the public and media. In conclusion I think that the police were to blame because they couldn’t think for themselves and didn’t trust their own ideas and let the public, media and the press control their actions. Also if they didn’t move evidence from the crime scenes or bodies then I think that they could have caught Jack and if they would have trusted the dogs it could have helped them a lot more.

Case Study on Ford Essay - 900 Words

Introduction and Review of case Ford Motor Company, American automotive corporation founded in 1903 by Henry Ford and 11 associate investors. (htt28) It is the multinational corporation and the worlds third largest automaker based on worldwide vehicle sales. The Company operates in two segments: Automotive and Financial Services. Automotive includes Ford North America, Ford South America, Ford Europe, and Ford Asia Pacific Africa region. Financial services include Ford Motor Credit Company and Other Financial Service. The Company manufactures or distributes automobiles across six continents. Its automotive brands include Ford and Lincoln. Other Financial Services includes a range of businesses, including holding companies and real†¦show more content†¦The ford company makes a balance between the work demand and number of employee. Contribution Factors to Ford’s Large-Scale Labor Surplus In 2006 the company suffered from the labor surplus. The demands for Ford automobile were decreased, so that the company couldn’t afford to produce more automobile. The profit decreased and further more they have gone to debt. There was 54, 000 US employee, 23,900 salaried workers in North America and about 12,000 US worker eligible for retirement. The company was paying them their salary and other benefit, but no benefits for the company. So, the labor cost has increased but the values added in the company by those employees were decreased. Ford Company faced the labor surplus because of its high cost structure and decreased in the demand of automobile. There was no work for all employees in the company but the ford paid salary and other benefit to all employee even there are not contributing and involving in the production. As there was decrease in sales of Ford automobile, they had surplus in their work force. Moreover they were unable to afford to keep all the employing paying their salary. They also had to bear financial loss. Hence they were eager to cut down their entire work force. (htt91) Tactics to Pursue Employee Buyouts and Attrition As company faced the labor surplus at first stage, and gradually began to face the loss on the financial position of the company, because Ford had to pay salary to all theShow MoreRelatedFord Case Study2191 Words   |  9 PagesFORD CASE STUDY 1. Using competing values, assess why Ford is widely considered more effective than GM. How could GM have used the competing-values approach in the early 1980s to recognize that it had problems?   †¢ In case of Ford motors they were earlier implementing the Rational Goal Model that lays immense emphasis of higher level of productivity, efficiency and profit. The decision-making is centralized to the higher-level authority with very less or no participation from the lower levelRead MoreFORD CASE STUDY2341 Words   |  10 PagesFour | Extending Marketing COMPANY Case Ford: Resurrecting an Iconic Company The old phrase, â€Å"The bigger they are, the harder they fall,† perfectly describes what has happened to the U.S. auto industry over the past decade. Consider the Ford Motor Company. In 1998, the iconic company accounted for 25 percent of all cars and trucks sold. Its F-series pickup was the best selling vehicle on the planet, with more than 800,000 units rolling off assembly lines. The Ford Explorer held the top slot in theRead MoreStudy Case Ford677 Words   |  3 PagesFord Motor Company-2007 Step 1 Identify the firm’s exiting vision, mission, objective and strategies (Executive summary). Vision: To become the world’s leading Consumer Company for automotive products and services. Mission: We are a global family with a proud heritage passionately committed to providing personal mobility for people around the world. We anticipate consumer need and deliver outstanding products and services that improve people’s lives. Strategies: Aggressively restructureRead MoreFord Case Study4710 Words   |  19 Pagestrend forecasted by the automotive industry, Ford wants to reposition itself and its business model regarding as how to better satisfy consumer needs, which is to produce smaller economic cars that the US middle-class customers value. Therefore, it seeks to take a new direction and to bring a revolution to the automobile industry, and to revive its glory years. A number of vehicle programs have been changed, delayed or even dropped throughout 2007. Ford officials believe that the shifts are aimedRead MoreFord and GM case study2227 Words   |  9 PagesQ: 1 Why are Ford and GM entering the Russian car market now? Why did they not invest earlier, and why do they do not postpone investment until the market is bigger? For any company going out for the foreign market is because of any one out of globalization, reducing tariff all over the world, to increase the market share, saturation of the local market, for getting the economies of scale of production, to use their excess capacity and use the resources where it is available at law cost. The severalRead MoreCase Study : Toyota And Ford Essay3044 Words   |  13 Pagesand their respective crises and the critical management decisions that were made and their impact. Toyota and Ford as we all know have a very strong industry reputation as well as millions of loyal and faithful followers and owners of their vehicles; however, these two giants of the automobile industry had two of the most publicized cases in modern day history. From 1973 to 1975, Ford’s case involved the explosion of its Pinto s defective fuel system design which led to the death of 27 people accordingRead MoreSullivan Ford Case Study3624 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction This case details the position of Carol Sullivan-Diaz, the 28-year-old daughter of Walter Sullivan who died at the age of 56. Walter had bought a Ford dealership in 1983 that eventually grew into what is now Sullivan Ford Auto World. The business sells cars but also services them. Carol is disappointed by current turnover in car sales and sees that the service revenues are below average for this size of dealership. Carol’s now has to decide what way to tackle the future. She canRead MoreCase Study: Ford Pinto598 Words   |  2 PagesCase study: Ford Pinto The actions of the Ford Motor Company during the manufacturing of its infamous Pinto vehicle are an illustration of how a negative organizational culture can impede clear thinking, even amongst highly-accomplished executives. Ford wished to create a vehicle that was inexpensive for consumers, but early tests of the Pinto showed that the Pinto had a tendency to blow up upon rear impact. Redesigning the vehicle would mean a long and costly delay, and Ford did not think itRead MoreFord Windstar Case Study2113 Words   |  9 PagesFORD WINDSTAR CASE ANALYSIS SUMMARY Minivan history and development Minivans ïÆ'   designed for families, for people with two or more children and who were tired of cramming into sedans for long and short-hour trips. Minivan is divided into 2 categories: LWB and SWB. It was first introduced by Dodge Caravan on 1983 and then followed by General Motors and Ford. SUMMARY Ford Windstar o Ford Windstar was introduced in Canada in 1991. o Windstar was the first to be given 5 stars rating by NHTSA o WindstarRead MoreFord Motor Case Study5714 Words   |  23 Pages– financial institute to achieve strategic success. Ford Motor Company has in recent times lost its market share to emerging Asian companies such as Honda, Toyota, Hyundai and Nissan. As a new landscape of economic might surfaces, new car stereotypes are emerging. Finding a place in these segments is proving difficult for Ford Motors and hence need to change its strategies. Hyper-competition combined with tough economic times has pushed Ford to the edge of insolvency. This paper examines the issues

Benefits Of Having An Education - 1223 Words

Having an education improves the likelihood of finding a job and earning enough money to improve the quality of life. According to the US. News, â€Å"Education has been widely documented by researched as the single variable tied most directly to improved health and longevity. And when people are intensely engaged in doing and learning new things, their happiness can blossom.† In a very short time, the Republic of Korea has achieved an educational transformation that occurred in the past quarter-century and has graduated from military dictatorship to one of the best countries to study with top universities as Seoul National University, Korean University and Sungkyunkwan University. South Korea today is one of the best destinations in Asia to receive a quality education. South Korea is a top-performing country, with 81% of adults’ aged 25-64 with a high-school degree, higher than the OECD average of 75%, according to the Organization for Economic Co–operation and Development (OECD). However, South Korea is one of the lowest places in life satisfaction, lower than those countries with a low education system, as Mexico and Brazil. In 2010, 33.5% of 100,000 people died from suicide, it is a high number compared the US with 12.5%, and Japan with 21.2%, according to the OECD. Why are people in some countries happier than people in other countries? This paper engages in comparative analysis of the education systems and its relation to the happiness in South Korea, as well asShow MoreRelatedEducation and the Benefits of Having a Good Education1096 Words   |  5 PagesEducation is as important as the air we breathe. It is the most important possession a person must have. Education is beneficial in many aspect of life especially, personal and social it is the only possession that cannot be taken away from you. Education is important because it will open up the windows of opportunities. In this competitive world having a good education is as impo rtant as the air we breathe because it is our weapon to conquer the world. Education will help you grow as an individualRead MoreCollege Is It Worth It?1317 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunities they think they could have with a college education. I am deciding to argue about this topic because I grew up in a household that didn’t grow up with parents who stressed college, as a result, I am making a strong effort to get through college. Although college does have some disadvantages, going to college is worth the time and money because it provides critical thinking and opportunities for job advancement. Getting college education is worth the time and money because it enhances theRead MorePurpose Of Higher Education773 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is the purpose of a higher education? 1. The purpose of a higher education is to provide a better quality of life for the family. 2. Having a higher education can provide a better job stability with better pay. 3. The main purpose of having a higher education is determining a greater promotional opportunity. The purpose of a higher education is to be able to provide a better quality of life for my family. By having a higher education, you can improve the quality of life by able to provideRead MoreThe Issue Of Education And Funding Over Public Education1568 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s society, we realize the importance of education and how it will benefit all to have an adequate education that will give the best opportunities. However, individual states have jurisdictions over the curriculum and funding over the public education. This means that California students may have a higher academic standing than Utah. The 14th Amendment and other various versions have brought upon the issue of equal, free and adequate education Yet, it has been denied several times because itRead More Music in Education1081 Words   |  5 PagesMusic Is Important To Having A Complete Education nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With school budget cuts, and no music instruments, more and more people are beginning to realize the benefits of having music in education. Providing music as part of education helps develop intelligence that leads to greater success in school and in life. Everyone from VH1 Save The Music to The National Association For Music Education agree that, â€Å"Every student in the nation should have an education in the arts.† TheseRead MoreThe Importance Of Music Education790 Words   |  4 PagesTime Music education is a subject in school that should be essential for all students. If students continued to expand their music education, they would have higher test scores in subjects such as math and English. Having a school system where everyone is able to benefit from a school wide requirement of music education. Music education will help improve student test scores and improve students language development. Students who take music classes have higher test scores. Music education helps studentsRead MoreCollege Education Is Worth All That Money896 Words   |  4 Pagesbreaker. It seems that the many positive impacts a college education has gets over shadowed by a small negative. Having a higher education can create numerous opportunities through out ones life. The community and country as a whole gain benefits when more people have a higher level of education. Happiness can be found through college education. It is also clear to see how a higher level of education can give one more pay. College education is worth going through, despite the significant debt, becauseRead MoreCost Benefits of Attending College1082 Words   |  5 Pagesa successful individual in the future. Yes, college takes time, and a great deal of money, but in the end it is all worth it. People who graduate from college are more likely to obtain a high end paying job than a person with just a high school education. The cost of attending college may be expensive, but, the outcome of it all is worth the wait. The most expensive part of attending college would be the tuition. However, tuition is not the same for all colleges. At larger colleges of course,Read MoreGraduation Speech Over College Education Essay1686 Words   |  7 PagesOver the years, there has been a great deal of debate over college education and it’s worth to society and the students who is currently contemplating where they should go or not. In addition, the question of cost, and just how expensive college has become over the last decade has come to attention. It is clear that Americans and important figureheads have argued over whether the benefits of attending college outweigh the benefits of just high school diploma or another type of post-secondary schoolingRead MoreThe Importance Of A College Degree1181 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscourage you from obtaining a college education† (McGuire, 2011). Importance of a College Degree As a matter of fact,â€Å"Attending college provides students with the knowledge and experience they are unable to receive from a secondary education, and finding a way to fund a higher education now can pay off in a huge way in the years to come†(McGuire, 2011). Many kids enter young adulthood have no idea of a future career. Students can go to a college to learn an education, to find a job to provide for their

Rape And The Connection Of Feminist Criminology And...

The term rape is defined as an ‘unlawful sexual intercourse by force, and without legal or factual consent’ by Gennaro Vito, Jeffrey Maahs and Ronald Holmes (2006) in ‘Criminology: Theory, Research and Policy’ (Vito, Maahs, and Holmes, 2006: p. 280). Rape can be in the form of the penis penetrating the vagina, oral, anal and an assault using a foreign object. However, there have been many controversies of what is rape and the use of force that is required. Several researchers, practitioners, legal jurisdiction, as well as, a few rape statutes involving coercive rape rely on the use of force as part of evidence in their definition (Vito, Maahs, and Holmes, 2006: p. 280). Rape can occur both in men and women, however, most accounts of rape indicate that majority of men are perpetrators and women are the victims. This essay will discuss the gender differences of rape victims and the connection of feminist criminology and labelling theory, and stigmatisation; as followed with case studies that are relevant with both theories. Feminist criminologists states that rape is wrong, and sometimes it is ignored, legitimised and mischaracterised. Furthermore, feminist criminologists believe that there is difference in how the crime of rape is best acknowledgeable and how rape can be prevented both legally and socially (Whisnant, 2013). Feminist criminologists suggest that there are two approaches of rape per the liberal and radical feminists. Liberal feminist’s perspectives in regardsShow MoreRelatedLimitations of theories of sociology of deviance2475 Words   |  10 PagesTheories of Deviance are limited in their ability to explain deviant acts if one adopts the view that these theories are universal. There is no universal, right or wrong theory, rather each theory provides a different perspective which only fully makes sense when set within an appropriate societal context and values framework . The functionalist theories share a common structural explanation of causes of deviance . They assume that conformity in society is achieved through the existence of norms

Americans health Free Essays

string(58) " consumption of the growth hormone when it stays below 1\." Americans are becoming more concerned with their health than ever before. This included regular exercise and as well as the quality of their diet. This has become a current phenomenon in the last few decades which the American public has yet to see before. We will write a custom essay sample on Americans health or any similar topic only for you Order Now Another recent development in the ways in which Americans regard the quality of their diet, is in the quality of the foods that they eat. The push now is for organic foods from livestock which were treated humanely. The injection of hormones into our nation’s cattle, many can say is an example of abuse towards the animals. This may or may not be true. However, hormone injection does offer a myriad of health problems which has caused the European Union as well as the nation of Japan, to be very reluctant in accepting beef imports from the United States in recent years. This has resulted in trade disputes and a sizable trade deficit between America and these two governing bodies. However, it is in the opinion of the EU, Japan and a sizable percentage of the American people, who are weary of scientifically altering one’s cattle in the face of higher profits. What makes hormone injections even more dangerous is the long lasting half life of the hormone injections which the cattle are forced to inject into their body. The hormones do not leave the cattle when it is slaughtered. This alone brings enough danger to the safety of the meat but the hormones continue to exist in the waste of the cow as well as in the sweat secretions of the cattle as well. This allows a further spread of the hormone and thus multiplies and creates environmental as well as health concerns which have only recently been addressed through the demands of a concerned public. However, in the face of such concerns, the beef industry will not be compelled to make the necessary changes unless forced to do so by Congress as there is simply too much money to be made in the eyes of the owners. Since the 1970’s, our nation’s cattle have been injected with growth hormones for the simple reason that such practices yield more profit for the owner. The cow grows larger than the cattle ever would have on his own and does so at a faster pace. This allows the cattle rancher to slaughter the cattle which will yield a larger supply of beef and at a faster pace; thus decreasing the time, cost and effort that the cattle owner would otherwise have to spend on the feeding and housing of the cattle. It is a win/win situation for the cattle owner and as a result, a high majority of the more than 33 million cattle which are slaughtered each year for the human consumption of their meat have within their systems, beef growth hormones. It seems surprising that such a wide spread practice would not have received more attention that it has in the recent past. Except for the high profile libel suit by the cattle owners of America against Oprah Winfrey who raised suspicion about the safety of the beef industry in America back in 2002; a libel suit which was eventually thrown out, there has been little concern by the American public as a whole, concerning the assumed damage which beef hormones cause in our nation’s cattle. This high level of apathy seems to now be a thing of the past as the number of concerned Americans grows exponentially. On January 1, 1989, the European community, now called the European Union, placed a ban on American beef imports where growth hormones were used. By the late 1980’s, this would constitute a very large percentage of America’s beef supply and a blow was sent to America’s beef industry. However much this decision riled the beef industry in America, such decisions were not without reason. Europe had become fearful of the growth hormone, diethylstilbestrol, the hormone used in making cattle grow past their normal size, since the 1980’s. This hormone was also seen in baby foods and there were more than a number of tragic cases in which small children were subject to brain defects from the injection of their baby food. It was because of growing fears against the hormone, as well as actual cases of Europeans that had gotten sick, that the ban was put in place. The ban was not geared only towards American but all countries in the world where Europe got their meat from. The ban was widespread and universal. Europe then, as well as now, has expressed their overwhelming preference for hormone free meat. Other countries have complied with the wish but America still continues to treat a large majority of its cattle with growth hormone in the desire to increase profits. These decisions are contrary to what the Federal Food and Drug Administration, in alliance with the US Department of Agriculture, have decided that beef that are treated with this hormone create no danger in those that eat it. This may be from the motivation of profits more than the safety of the cattle as well as the people who eat it. Cattle which are treated with this growth hormone, can expect to reach its targeted weight of 1,000 lbs 21 days sooner than cattle which are not treated with the hormone. Also, the relatively low cost of the hormone treatment; $1 per implant, yields a cost of more than $100 a head. This is sought in what is often times, a relatively unstable industry. There is a great deal of money to be made or lost with this decision and the United States has continued to fight the decisions by the EU and Japan over what they see to be blatant examples of unfair trade practices. The United States points to a 1988 report by the World Health Organization which states that human consumption of the growth hormone when it stays below 1. You read "Americans health" in category "Papers" 4 and 2. 1 micro kilograms provides no safety scare for the people who consume the meat. What was not shown by the United States was the fact that in the nearly twenty years since this report was published, the among of growth hormones which are injected into the cattle now exceed these paltry amounts as in America, the belief seems to be: more is better. Cattle are getting larger and larger every few years. The reason for this is overwhelm from growth hormones as the improved quality of the foods which the cattle now feed on, would never be able to yield such dramatic results as what is currently being seen in America’s cattle. Specifically, growth hormones have been thought to create the most damage in women and in small girls. Cancer can develop in the breasts as well as colon and pancreas. Also, â€Å"the growth hormone can cause girls to reach puberty at a faster clip than what is natural. † This is a key theme to the growth hormone as it speeds up the natural processes of the body and wreaks havoc on the internal organs of those who are treated with the hormone. It is believed that the levels of growth hormone which the cattle injects, does not completely pass from the meet to the individual and that the hormone is not meant for direct human consumption. What serves as the most dangerous aspect of this, are the occurrences when the hormone is not kept in the strict environment in which it was designed. When the growth hormone passes at a higher concentrated level than what is advised, either through human error, the beef industry being ignorant as to the modes of transportation that the hormone can take, or in the differences in the rate at which the cattle injects the hormone, adverse reactions will and have occurred. There are more than just the immediate health concerns which need to be examined. The strong half life of these hormones add to the environmental concerns which now need to be addressed, A large portion of the hormone passes through the feces of the cow and ends up in the environment and through the normal ecological system, can easily end up in other foods as well as the drinking water of the public. This could create a very large problem, not only for the cattle but also those who have the misfortune of consuming the water. It has been reported that cattle that have drunk downstream from cattle that have been treated with growth hormone have been underweight and have been subjective to a high level of health concerns and problems. In Central Illinois, this occurred but was not caught in time by the cattle rancher at the time. The cow was slaughtered with a high level of growth hormone within his body and the meat, officials now believe, was highly tainted and not only posed a serious threat to those who ate the meat, but in reality, caused a number of very sick individuals who took weeks to recover from their ailments. As it is very hard to pinpoint where the beef went, the FDA was able to nearly pinpoint where the beef was consumed and can only point out that such a high level of coincidence is not plausible. It is the mismanagement of this hormone which is creating concern in many of the country’s scientists and environmentalists. â€Å"We said that we would not be surprised if large levels of these hormones showed up in the nation’s drinking supply. † This, according to John McClain, director for the Centers of Biological Research states recently. Dr. McClain also states that he estimates that more than thirteen tons of the hormone DES is released into the nation’s drinking water every year. Not only does he state that such amounts will create an adverse living environment among the wildlife in the area, but for the people as well who have the misfortune of consuming the water as well. The concerns continue to mount as the United States and Canada stubbornly insist that there is no reason for alarm and that their cattle will continue to be fed this growth hormone. Scientists for the beef industry continue to claim that either the evidence is inconclusive or that no danger is presented to the general population as the levels of hormone which s used to treat the cattle is so minute as never to be able to cause harm of any kind. â€Å"The growth hormone which is used to treat our nation’s cattle, poses no threat to the environment or the people whom it comes in contact with. Our nation’s beef supply is safe to eat. † Although not to the same degree, such statements are reminiscent to the tobacco’s responses in the 1970’s and 1980’s concerning the growing concern over the safety of smoking cigarettes. Such statements were accepted by the general public when there did not exist, enough evidence to refute such statements but when it became clear that smoking caused cancer and other such diseases, such statements were no longer accepted. Many in the scientific community believe that the beef industry is going to suffer a similar fate if they continue to refute the concerns of the scientific community over the human consumption and environmental reactions when coming in contact with these growth hormones. Another concern is the safety of the milk which comes directly from cattle; many of whom are being treated with the growth hormone. A larger cow will create a higher yield of milk for its owner; thus increasing profits. The growth hormone BHG is often used to increase milk production in cows. However, the FDA’s decision in 1993 to allow for the treatment of cows with this hormone is outdated. This is a common theme which can be seen in much of the American research concerning the safety of growth hormones. The scientific research, or simply an expression of concern within the European Union, is relatively recent whereas the American research community is not being allowed to conduct the proper number of tests on the effects of the growth hormone. Either that or their findings are being refuted. There have been a number of concerns by large bodies of farmers and cattle growers in such situations. In 1994, the Wisconsin Farmers Union started a national hotline for concerned dairy farmers who were concerned over the quality of their milk from cows who had been subjected to the growth hormone. One New York dairy farmer was forced to replace 135 out of his entire herd of 200 cows because the growth hormone that he fed his cows, produced milk that was tainted. The growth hormone also led to hoof disease as well as open sores and eternal bleeding on more than a few of his cows. This should lead to a third tier of concern over the treatment of cattle with the growth hormone. Not only does the hormone present dangers to the population which consumes the meat and the environment which absorbs the waste products of the cattle, but the cattle itself. In the same way that steroids and other human growth hormones present stronger and faster athletes, only to yield a number of health concerns in the future, so too is the reaction of cattle who are subjective to the hormone. Usually, this is not a problem for cattle which is to be slaughtered by the end of the month as the hormone usually is not given enough time to cause damage in the cattle. However, cows which are used primarily for the milk that they give and thus are allowed to live, this increases the chances that adverse reactions within the cow will show itself within the cow. This is to be expected as â€Å"the growth hormones which are given to cows, creates an unnatural environment for the cow and as a result, the animal will often times react adversely and diseases will spread. † Also, cows who are forced to yield an unnatural amount of milk; a level which their bodies were not meant to provide, often times leaves the cow malnourished and sickly from an over stimulation of the cow’s body. This will lead to a shorter life span for these cows which are used to yield milk to its owner. A burn out effect for the cow will follow and whether the meat is fit for human consumption or not, the cow will simply be destroyed as his useful life on earth has been prematurely cut short through science and in the face of higher profits. Despite the evidence that the treatment of growth hormones creates in cows and in the people who eat and drink the milk and meat which these cattle provide, the FDA and other government sponsored scientific communities have stubbornly insisted that there is no adverse reactions on any level, to the consuming of the byproducts of cattle that have been previously treated with this growth hormone. Not only would the FDA be reluctant to place any restrictions or at least warning labels on such beef, they prohibited dairies from making such claims on their own products or in the press. There seemed to be a moratorium on the issue. However, the dates which these FDA rulings are more than ten years in the past as there has been a severe shortage of current government supported evidence from the United States to show to findings to the claims that growth hormones in our nation’s beef supply, results in the negative health effects which the rest of the developed world believes to be the case. The common use of growth hormones has resulted in a number of differences. According to Science News, more than 80% of US feedlots inject cattle with growth hormones and that traces of the growth hormone were still seen in the typical cow, more than 195 days after the initial treatment. This is important especially with cows which are used primarily for milk as the cow’s milk supply can be tainted for more than six months from a single treatment. Also, in what seems to be the reason behind the treatment of cows with growth hormones; in 1950, the typical cow produced more than 5300 pounds of milk a year. Today, a cow which has been treated with growth hormones, can expect to yield an amazing 18,000 pounds of milk a year. However, what advantages are given when many believe that this milk is tainted? This only increased the chances that the American consumer will be adversely affected by drinking what the FDS tells him to be safe and good for the body. There is a major difference in the FDA and USDA’s take on the apparent health concerns over the treatment of the nation’s cattle being subjected to growth hormones in order to increase production of their meat and milk, as opposed to what the rest of the world is stating. This is a problem which must be addressed. There is a great deal of money to be made or lost as well as the entire way of life for thousands of the nation’s cattle ranchers and others who are involved in getting the meat to our tables. This comes from the sheer number of tons of beef which Americans consume on a yearly basis as well as the fact that the alternative which is offered in our nation’s supermarkets, often times costs more than twice the price of beef which has been subjected with growth hormones. Coupled with this fact, the claims made by the Food and Drug Administration which states that the consumption of growth hormones is safe; many people will believe this to be the case and will blindly continue their previous eating habits with no concern for what the rest of the world claims to be the dangers of eating such meats. The evidence which the FDA and other government sponsored organizations are more than ten years old and in some cases, are reaching twenty years old whereas the scientific research which has compelled the European Union as well as Japan to implement bans on the trade of US beef, is much more recent. This fact alone should at least compel Americans to ask the question: â€Å"How safe is the meat and milk which comes from cows who are treated with growth hormones. † There is a push for more organic foods as well since many believe that the injection of hormones in not only beef but also our nation’s fruits and vegetables in order to grow gigantic and unnatural tomatoes and potatoes, can only create further health concerns as it is believed that the consumer is consuming a higher percentage of chemicals and hormones than the natural elements of these fruits and vegetables which people seek to help them maintain a healthy lifestyle. Growth hormones affect our nation’s beef supply in a number of different ways. First, it affects the life and health of the cow, affects the environment and the wildlife and fish through the fact that the hormone can be introduced to the environment though the feces of the animal as well as the resilient characteristics of the hormone itself, as well as affect the milk which the cow yields to the American public. As a result, major governing bodies in the world have placed a ban on beef, not only from America but in numerous parts of the world, where the cattle have been subject to growth hormones. It would behoove the entire American public to stress the importance of up to date scientific research in order to conclude that measures need to be put in place which will forever ensure that the food which we eat, is safe; safe not only for us but for the environment. WORKS CITED Carlson, Laurie An Informal Social History. New York: Ivan Dee Publisher 2001 Meinkle, James Beef Hormones Contributes to Mad Cow Disease London: The Guardian July 5, 1998 Narlikar, Armita The World Trade Organization London: Oxford 2005 Nelson, Gerald Genetically Modified Organisms in Agriculture New York: Academic Press. 2004 Naloff, Janet. Hormones: Here’s the Beef www. sciencenews. org Downloaded July 28, 2007 Penske, James. Beef Hormones Believed to Contribute to Health Concerns Charleston Times Courier June 8, 2005 www. FDA. gov United States Food and Drug Administration Downloaded July 27, 2007 www. USDA. gov United States Department of Agriculture How to cite Americans health, Papers

The Behaviour of Employees in an Organization

Question: Write essay on "The Behaviour of Employees in an Organization". Answer: Introduction In the contemporary scenario, businesses are increasingly focusing their attention towards enhancing customer satisfaction and enhancing the level of profitability. Specifically mentioning, in order to accomplish such objectives, organizations have directed their attention towards fostering the development of employees such that they are capable of accomplishing their personal as well as professional goals. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that an assessment of the individuals based on their behaviour with regards to workplace setting is known as organizational behaviour (Schein, 2006). In other words, organizational behaviour can be regarded as the study of individuals as well as group dynamics in association with the organizational setting. Correspondingly, it must be noted an understanding of the organizational behaviour is vital towards organizational success since people belonging to different cultural backgrounds are attributed with possessing varied cultural values who w ork together in an effective manner (Robbins Judge, 2003). Hence, by taking into consideration the case of PC Solutions, this study aims at highlighting the issues that are prevalent in the organization and make certain recommendations that can be crucial for overcoming such issues. Moreover, the study would emphasize on highlighting the various aspects of organizational culture, its strengths and weaknesses and would further elucidate the aspects of culture that require change. Illustrating examples from the case scenario, this essay would further highlight several organizational behaviour theories that can be effectively implemented in the organization. Finally, prior to arriving at a conclusion, the paper would demonstrate an understanding of the leadership roles that must be required to manage behaviour of employees and ensure that they are able to direct their motives towards accomplishment of organizational goals. Identification of Organizational Issues and Recommendations With regards to the case of PC Solutions, it can be apparently noted that despite an increase in the growth of the organization, there has been a significant decline in relation to level of employee as well as customer satisfaction. Herein, it must be noted that a number of reasons can be highlighted with respect to the issue faced by the company. One of the most important challenges that can be noted with respect to managing organizational behaviour is the managerial change (Mills, et.al., 2006). It can be apparently noted from the case scenario that there are four department managers handling varied departmental responsibilities and working with a diverse workforce with varied organizational job roles. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that workforce diversity can be regarded as one of the problems that is faced by the organization towards managing its employees (Hersey Blanchard, 1993). As employees working in the organization belong to varied gender, ethnicity and race, they become heterogeneous in nature. Herein, it must be noted that it is the prime responsibility of the managers to ensure that the diversity existing amongst the employees is respected and proper training is being provided to them towards ensuring that they are able to respect the differences and focus towards higher productivity. Additionally, it must be noted that managing workplace diversity in an appropriate manner would play a key role in enhancing the performance of the employees and ensure that there is an improvement in the decision making processes along with enhancement in team performance (Marques, et.al., 2016). Furthermore, organizational behaviour can be strengthened through managing workplace diversity that would further enable providing better customer services and overcome challenges associated with dysfunctional conflict, team dynamics and communication. An increase in the level of creativity and innovation can be considered as yet another significant benefit underlying management of workplace diversity (Griffin Moorhead, 2011). Another important issue facing the organization is the change in expectations of the employees. Herein, it must be noted that change is considered as an inevitable part of human lives, which has a substantial impact on the quality of lives of people. With a change in work force dynamics, it is noted that there is a significant change in the expectations of the employees. Hence, there is a need for the managers to offer financial as well as non-financial benefits to the employees towards enhancing growth and productivity by motivating employees to perform their job roles effectively (Kinicki, 2004). Some of the motivating factors that can be taken into consideration are the factors such as job security, bonuses, attractive salaries and employee empowerment that play an imperative role in strengthening organizational culture. This would further require making use of democratic form of leadership skills by the managers that would ensure the incorporation of all the employees in the deci sion-making process of the organization (Brief Weiss, 2002). Ensuring an enhancement in the level of productivity and quality can be regarded as yet another significant issue that is faced by the managers in the competitive modern-day scenario. In this regard, there is a need to emphasize on the fact that managing quality and productivity of employees can be made possible with the help of implementing techniques such as Total Quality Management (TQM) that would play an important role in ensuring that customer satisfaction is attained as a result of improvement in organizational processes. Inclusion of the employees in the decision-making process can further play an important role in enhancing the level of organizational productivity and quality along with development of organizational culture. An important issue underlying organizational behaviour that can be noted from the case is the management of technology and innovations (Adler Gundersen, 2007). Herein, it must be noted that lack of integrity amongst the departments can have a negative i mpact on managing technological changes and implementation of innovative ideas. It has been noted that employees associated with the organization resist change owing to the fact that they are unable to operate such new techniques. Hence, in order to improve the organizational behaviour, it is the prime responsibility of the manager to focus on providing the required pertaining to the employees apart from maintaining a minimum level of flexibility in the workplace. On a similar note, stimulating employee creativity, boosting their morale and making them tolerant towards change can be successful in structuring organizational behaviour (Pinder, 2014). In addition to the aforementioned issues, another significant issue that can be highlighted in relation to the stated case can be attributed with the ethic behaviour amongst the employees. Conducting the business in an ethical manner and respecting the diverse needs of the people towards engaging in social responsibility plays a key role towards strengthening organizational behaviour. The issue underlying allocation of responsibilities can be considered as yet another problem that is faced by the organization. As can be noted from the case scenario, the manager of customer service department has appointed the team leaders for handling diverse job roles; however, she has allocated priorities and manages the provision pertaining to support services for all customers. This creates a negative impact on the employees who face challenge of lack of recognition and motivation, which further creates hindrance in the process of structuring organizational behaviour. Providing the employees with job adequate responsibility and accountability can play an important role towards ensuring that the organization is able to create positive organizational behaviour. Stress can be considered as another important issue that can be highlighted in relation to the case which suggests that the employees face challenges associated with increased amount of stress and workload, which significantly reduces their level of satisfaction. Correspondingly, high level of misunderstanding and intolerance against other cultures is considered as yet another important issue facing the organization. Herein, it must be noted that there is a need to change the existing organizational culture by focusing on providing motivation and lower dysfunctional stress levels existing amongst the employees towards ensuring that they a able to create a balance in their personal and professional lives. Specifically mentioning, organizing exercise programs and training sessions regarding organizational behaviour can f urther play an important role in strengthening organizational culture (Bowditch, et.al., 2007). Employee issue can be considered as one of the most significant challenges that are faced by the organization. Managing employees in considered as holding utmost significance and requires considerable amount of attention on part of the management. As can be noted from the case, employees associated with the company face challenge underlying lack of satisfaction, which can be attributed with personality conflicts and supervisory issues. This further result in development of communication gaps amongst the employees and the management, thereby weakening the organization culture. In addition, team problems can be considered another significant issue that the organization faces with respect to managing employees working in teams. For instance, the case reflects the situation of customer services department, wherein, employees are working in group. In order to ensure highest level of satisfaction, the intention of the employees must be directed towards working upon a set of specific goals. Personal disconnect and lack of proper coordination amongst the members can result in development of discrepancies amongst the employees and management, thereby affecting the overall effectiveness of organization. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that the team leaders must direct their attention towards the accomplishment of organizational goals through focusing on obtaining feedback from the employees and maintaining cohesiveness. Additionally, the team leader or department manager must focus on analyzing the problem and take appropriate measures that are directed towards avoidance of performance breakdowns. Organization related problem is considered yet another significant issue that is faced by the organization that has a direct influence on the organizational development and employee participation in the workplace. Strengths Weaknesses of Organizational Culture There are a number of strengths as well as weaknesses faced by the organizations with regards to the organizational culture. Herein, there is a need to emphasize on the fact that organization culture is regarded as an important phenomenon since it is associated with sharing the beliefs and assumptions concerned with strengthening organizational behaviour. Specifically mentioning, shared values and assumptions have a considerable impact on the organization and specifies the manner in which organization performs their organizational responsibilities. Considering the case example, it can be apparently noted that the organization faces the challenge of poor organizational culture. Hence, there is a need to identify the various strengths as well as weaknesses underlying the organizational culture towards highlighting the aspects of culture that require change (George, et.al, 1996). Factors such as thickness of culture that are measurable with the help of underlying shared assumptions can play an important role in the development of organizational culture. Moreover, extent of sharing along with clarity of ordering can be regarded as some of the other factors associated with highlighting the strength of organizational culture (Barney, 1986). Organizational culture can be facilitated with the help of sharing common beliefs and enable sharing of ideas towards ensuring that business operates in a successful manner. In addition, organizational culture as depicted in the case can play an important role in supporting the implementation of new initiatives as well as accomplish the organizational goals (Miner, 2015). Development of a workplace environment associated with fostering the growth and development of employees, apart from development of loyalty and creativity can play an imperative role in ensuring that the business is capable of developing organizational culture. Promoting a culture that is capable of implementing innovation can have a considerable impact on the development of organizational performance, apart from ensuring that the employees are directed towards performing organizational responsibilities effectively. Lack of effective organizational culture can result in development of negative consequences since employees might focus on accomplishment of their personal goals rather than prioritizing organizational goals (Luthans, 2002). Cultural transformation with the help of appropriate knowledge sharing and through gaining an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses underlying the organization can play an important role in ensuring that a proper organizational culture is esta blished. A positive organizational culture can play an important role in retaining as well as attracting committed employees, apart from development of positive relationship with the customers. However, organizational culture is required to be analyzed as well as nurtured in order to ensure that the employees are able to reflect upon fostering organizational behaviour. Proper decision-making along with performing leadership roles in an effective manner can play an important role towards ensuring that the business is capable of facilitating the changes that are required to establish a positive workplace culture (Martin, 2005). Implementing changes in the organization would require emphasizing upon leadership that is considered one of the most important techniques associated with growth and development of the organization. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that implementation of changes in an organization is considered as a complex process since it requires focusing on a variety of steps. Specifically mentioning, one of the most significant steps associated with fostering organizational culture can be attributed with an assessment of the overall organizational culture and performance. Notably, evaluation of the organizational priorities such as customer satisfaction, growth and profitability can play a lead role in ensuring implementation of the changes. Clarifying the vision, values and expected behaviour of the employees can further play an important role in facilitating change in the organization, which can result in development of a positive organizational culture. Moreover, providing the employees with knowledge pertaining to SMART goals by making use of extensive feedback along with prioritization of the objectives can play an important role in ensuring the development of strategic goals (Schein, 2010). On a further note, elucidating and highlighting the key measures that can be taken to support organizational priorities can be considered as playing an important role in implementation of recommended changes. Establishment of a management system that specifically deals with the prioritizing organizational goals and objectives can be considered as yet another significant factor underlying organizational development. Notably, an increased level of emphasis needs to be placed on communicating the habits about performance improvements and development of two-way communication can play a lead role in fostering establishment of positive organizational culture. Clarification of plans, addressing the questions, lowering drama as well as exposing rumours can be considered as yet anoth er significant factors underlying development of organizational culture. Finally, motivating the employees as well as recognizing their talent can further play a considerable role in ensuring that the business operates in a successful manner (French, 2011). Adapting Leadership Roles In order to ensure the establishment of a proper organizational culture and behaviour towards enhancing the level of satisfaction amongst the employees and customers, the manager needs to prioritize focusing upon adopting a number of leadership roles that can facilitate such changes. These roles might involve persuading the employees to adapt to these changes through motivating and encouraging them. Creating a strategic vision such as establishment of a successful organizational behaviour can further act as an important tool for facilitating the changes (Denning, 2011). Storytelling and acting as a role model can further be considered as some of the other leadership qualities that can enable inspiring the employees to focus on implementation of the job roles (Chance, 2009). Defining employees roles and responsibilities and holding them accountable for the job roles apart from establishing flexible communication channels can further play an important role in ensuring that the business operates in a successful manner (Schein, 2010). Conclusion The behaviour and attitudes of employees in an organization has a considerable impact on the organizational performance and its ability to accomplish long term success. In this regard, the essay enabled identifying some of the common problems underlying poor organizational behaviour such as change in employee expectations and workplace diversity. Correspondingly, the study highlighted a number of outcomes such as proper training and providing employees with financial and non-financial benefits that can have a successful impact on business development and establishment of positive organizational culture. Finally, the study highlighted persuasion, vision, storytelling and role modelling as some of the leadership roles that can be used to facilitate change. References Adler, N.J. Gundersen, A., 2007. International dimensions of organizational behaviour. Cengage Learning. Barney, J.B., 1986. Organizational culture: can it be a source of sustained competitive advantage?. Academy of management review, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp.656-665. Bowditch, J.L., et.al., 2007. A primer on organizational behaviour. Wiley. Brief, A.P. Weiss, H.M., 2002. Organizational behavior: Affect in the workplace. Annual review of psychology, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp.279-307. Chance, P.L., 2009. Introduction to educational leadership and organizational behaviour: Theory into practice. Eye on Education. Denning, S., 2011. How Do You Change An Organizational Culture? Leadership. French, R., 2011. Organizational Behaviour. John Wiley Sons. George, J.M., et.al, 1996. Understanding and managing organizational behaviour. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Griffin, R. Moorhead, G., 2011. Organizational behaviour. Nelson Education. Hersey, P. Blanchard, K.H., 1993. Management of organizational behaviour: Utilizing human resources. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Kinicki, 2004. Organizational Behavior 3E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Luthans, F., 2002. The need for and meaning of positive organizational behaviour. Journal of organizational behaviour, Vol. 23, No.6, pp.695-706. Marques, J., et.al., 2016. Teaching Leadership and Organizational Behaviour through Humour: Laughter as the Best Teacher. Springer. Martin, J., 2005. Organizational Behaviour and Management. Cengage Learning EMEA. Mills, A.J., et.al., 2006. Organizational behaviour in a global context. University of Toronto Press. Miner, J.B., 2015. Organizational behaviour 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Pinder, C.C., 2014. Work motivation in organizational behaviour. Psychology Press. Robbins, S.P. Judge, T., 2003. Essentials of organizational behaviour (Vol. 200, No. 1). Prentice Hall. Schein, E.H., 2006. Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 356). John Wiley Sons. Schein, E.H., 2010. Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley Son